Alternative Name(s):

136 kDa double-stranded RNA-binding protein (p136) (Interferon-inducible protein 4) (IFI-4) (K88DSRBP) (ADAR1) (DSRAD) (G1P1) (IFI4) (DRADA)

Species: (Organism)

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene Names:

ADAR

Tag info:

C-terminal hFc-tagged

Target Protein AA Sequence:

MNPRQGYSLSGYYTHPFQGYEHRQLRYQQPGPGSSPSSFLLKQIEFLKGQLPEAPVIGKQTPSLPPSLPGLRPRFPVLLASSTRGRQVDIRGVPRGVHLRSQGLQRGFQHPSPRGRSLPQRGVDCLSSHFQELSIYQDQEQRILKFLEELGEGKATTAHDLSGKLGTPKKEINRVL

Expression Region:

1-176aa

Subcellular Location:

Tissue Specificity:

Protein Length:

Partial

Pathway:

Mol. Weight:

48.6 kDa

Purity:

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Form:

Liquid or Lyophilized powder

Buffer:

If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.

Research Areas:

Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling

Function:

Involvement in disease:

Relevance:

Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA referred to as A-to-I RNA editing. This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation by changing codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins; pre-mRNA splicing by altering splice site recognition sequences; RNA stability by changing sequences involved in nuclease recognition; genetic stability in the case of RNA virus genomes by changing sequences during viral RNA replication; and RNA structure-dependent activities such as microRNA production or targeting or protein-RNA interactions. Can edit both viral and cellular RNAs and can edit RNAs at multiple sites or at specific sites. Its cellular RNA substrates include: bladder cancer-associated protein, neurotransmitter receptors for glutamate and serotonin and GABA receptor. Site-specific RNA editing of transcripts encoding these proteins results in amino acid substitutions which consequently alters their functional activities. Exhibits low-level editing at the GRIA2 Q/R site, but edits efficiently at the R/G site and HOTSPOT1. Its viral RNA substrates include: hepatitis C virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, measles virus, hepatitis delta virus, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Exhibits either a proviral or an antiviral effect and this can be editing-dependent, editing-independent or both. Impairs HCV replication via RNA editing at multiple sites. Enhances the replication of MV, VSV and HIV-1 through an editing-independent mechanism via suppression of EIF2AK2/PKR activation and function. Stimulates both the release and infectivity of HIV-1 viral particles by an editing-dependent mechanism where it associates with viral RNAs and edits adenosines in the 5'UTR and the Rev and Tat coding sequence. Can enhance viral replication of HDV via A-to-I editing at a site designated as amber/W, thereby changing an UAG amber stop codon to an UIG tryptophan codon that permits synthesis of the large delta antigen which has a key role in the assembly of viral particles. However, high levels of ADAR1 inhibit HDV replication.

Reconstitution:

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Protein Families:

Reference:

"Human RNA-specific adenosine deaminase ADAR1 transcripts possess alternative exon 1 structures that initiate from different promoters, one constitutively active and the other interferon inducible." George C.X., Samuel C.E. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96:4621-4626(1999)