Alternative Name(s):

R ORF protein (Viral protein R)

Species: (Organism)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype K (isolate 96CM-MP535) (HIV-1)

Gene Names:

vpr

Tag info:

N-terminal 10xHis-tagged and C-terminal Myc-tagged

Target Protein AA Sequence:

MEQAPEDQGPQREPNNEWTLEILEELKREAVRHFPRPWLHNLGQHIYTTYGDTWEGLEAIIRILQQLLFIHFRIGCHHSRIGIIPQRRGRNGSSRS

Expression Region:

1-96aa

Subcellular Location:

Virion, Host nucleus, Host extracellular space

Tissue Specificity:

Protein Length:

Full Length

Pathway:

Mol. Weight:

18.8 kDa

Purity:

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Form:

Liquid or Lyophilized powder

Buffer:

If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.

Research Areas:

Immunology

Function:

During virus replication, may deplete host UNG protein, and incude G2-M cell cycle arrest. Acts by targeting specific host proteins for degradation by the 26S proteasome, through association with the cellular CUL4A-DDB1 E3 ligase complex by direct interaction with host VPRPB/DCAF-1. Cell cycle arrest reportedly occurs within hours of infection and is not blocked by antiviral agents, suggesting that it is initiated by the VPR carried into the virion. Additionally, VPR induces apoptosis in a cell cycle dependent manner suggesting that these two effects are mechanistically linked. Detected in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of AIDS patient, VPR may also induce cell death to bystander cells.

Involvement in disease:

Relevance:

During virus replication, may deplete host UNG protein, and incude G2-M cell cycle arrest. Acts by targeting specific host proteins for degradation by the 26S proteasome, through association with the cellular CUL4A-DDB1 E3 ligase complex by direct interaction with host VPRPB/DCAF-1. Cell cycle arrest reportedly occurs within hours of infection and is not blocked by antiviral agents, suggesting that it is initiated by the VPR carried into the virion. Additionally, VPR induces apoptosis in a cell cycle dependent manner suggesting that these two effects are mechanistically linked. Detected in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of AIDS patient, VPR may also induce cell death to bystander cells.During virus entry, plays a role in the transport of the viral pre-integration complex to the host nucleus. This function is crucial for viral infection of non-dividing macrophages. May act directly at the nuclear pore complex, by binding nucleoporins phenylalanine-glycine-repeat regions.

Reconstitution:

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Protein Families:

HIV-1 VPR protein family

Reference:

"Near-full-length genome sequencing of divergent African HIV type 1 subtype F viruses leads to the identification of a new HIV type 1 subtype designated K." Triques K., Bourgeois A., Vidale N., Mpoudi-Ngole E., Mulanga-Kabeya C., Nzilambi N., Torimiro N., Saman E., Delaporte E., Peeters M. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 16:139-151(2000)